VAD – Vibro Acustic Desease
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15273020/

Low-Frequency Sound: A Final Verdict

Birgitta Berglund and Peter Hassmén. 1996. Sources and effects of low‐frequency noise.

Broner, N. 1978. The effects of low frequency noise on people—A review.

Leventhall, G., Pelmear, P., & Benton, S. (2003). A review of published research on low frequency noise and its effects.

[1] Job, R.F.S. (1988) Community Response to Noise: A Review of Factors Influencing the Relationship between Noise Exposure and Reaction. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 83, 991-1001.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.396524
[2] Stansfeld, S.A., Clark, C.R, Jenkins, L.M. and Tarnopolsky, A. (1985) Sensitivity to Noise in a Community Sample: I. The Measurement of Psychiatric Disorder and Personality. Psychological Medicine, 15, 243-254.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291700023527
[3] Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., Janssen, S. and Stansfeld, S. (2013) Auditory and Non-Auditory Effects of Noise on Health. Lancet. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61613-X
[4] Berglund, B., Lindvall, T. and Schwela, D.H. (1999) World Health Organisation Guidelines for Community Noise. WHO, Geneva.
[5] World Health Organisation (2009) Night Noise Guidelines for Europe. World Health Organisation, Copenhagen.
[6] World Health Organization (2011) Burden of Disease from Environmental Noise. World Health Organization, Bonn, Geneva.
[7] European Union (2000) Unsafe Levels of Noise in Europe. https://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/reports/6905723
[8] Berglund, B., Hassmen, P. and Job, R.F.S. (1996) Sources and Effects of Low-Frequency Noise. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 99, 2985-3002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414863
[9] Sheppard, K.P. and Hubbard, H.H. (1990) Physical Characteristics and Perception of Low Frequency Noise from Wind Turbines. Noise Control Engineering, 36, 5-15.
[10] Fidel, S., Tabachnick, B., Mestre, V. and Fidel, L. (2013) Aircraft Noise-Induced Awakenings Are More Reasonably Predicted from Relative than from Absolute Sound Exposure Levels. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 134, 3645-3653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4823838
[11] Møller, H. and Pedersen, C.S. (2011) Low-Frequency Noise from Large Wind Turbines. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 129, 3727-3744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3543957
[12] Lambert, J., Champelovier, P. and Vernet I. (1998) Assessing the Railway Bonus: The Need to Examine the “New Infrastructure” Effect. Proceedings of the Inter-Noise 98—The International Congress on Noise Control Engineering: Sound and Silence: Setting the Balance, Christchurch, 4-8.
[13] Miedema, H.M.E. and Oudshoorn, C.G.M. (2001) Annoyance from Transportation Noise: Relationships with Exposure Metrics DNL and DENL and Their Confidence Intervals. Environmental Health Perspectives, 109, 409-416.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.01109409
[14] Bakker, R.H., Pedersen, E., van den Berg, G.P., Stewart, R.E., Lok, W. and Bouma, J. (2012) Impact of Wind Turbine Sound on Annoyance, Self-Reported Sleep Disturbance and Psychological Distress. Science of the Total Environment, 425, 42-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.03.005
[15] Pedersen, E. and Persson Waye, K. (2004) Perception and Annoyance Due to Wind Turbine Noise: A Dose-Response Relationship. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 116, 3460-3470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.1815091
[16] Correia, A.W., Peters, J.L., Levy, J.I., Melly, S. and Dominici, F. (2013) Residential Exposure to Aircraft Noise and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Diseases: Multi-Airport Retrospective Study. British Medical Journal, 347, Article ID: f5561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f5561
[17] Hansell, A.L. (2013) Aircraft Noise and Cardiovascular Disease Near Heathrow Airport in London: Small Area Study. British Medical Journal, 347, Article ID: f5432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f5432
[18] Shepherd, D., Welch, D., Dirks, K.N. and Mathews, R. (2010) Exploring the Relationship between Noise Sensitivity, Annoyance and Health-Related Quality of Life in a Sample of Adults Exposed to Environmental Noise. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 7, 3579-3594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7103580
[19] Van den Berg, G.P., Pedersen, E., Bouma, J. and Bakker, R. (2008) Project WINDFARMperception Visual and Acoustic Impact of Wind Turbine Farms on Residents. FP6-2005-Science-and-Society-20, Specific Support Action Project No. 044628, Final Report, University of Groningen, Groningen.
[20] Dratva, J., Zemp, E., Dietrich, D.F., Bridevaux, P.O., Rochat, T., Schindler, C. and Gerbase, M.W. (2010) Impact of Road Traffic Noise Annoyance on Health-Related Quality of Life: Results from a Population-Based Study. Quality of Life Research, 19, 37-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11136-009-9571-2
[21] Shepherd, D., McBride, D., Welch, D., Dirks, K.N. and Hill, E. (2011) Evaluating the Impact of Wind Turbine Noise on Health-Related Quality of Life. Noise and Health, 13, 333-339. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1463-1741.85502
[22] Nissenbaum, M.A., Aramini1, J.J. and Hanning, C.D. (2012) Effects of Industrial Wind Turbine Noise on Sleep and Health. Noise and Health, 14, 237-243. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1463-1741.102961
[23] Lercher, P. (1996) Environmental Noise and Health: An Integrated Research Perspective. Environment International, 22, 117-129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-4120(95)00109-3
[24] Lercher, P. (2003) Which Health Outcomes Should Be Measured in Health Related Environmental Quality of Life Studies? Landscape and Urban Planning, 65, 63-67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00238-4
[25] Shepherd, D. (2013) Sound Mind in a Sound Body: Health in the Noise Context. Proceedings of the 42nd International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering, Innsbruck, 15-18 September 2013,
[26] Brown, A.L. (2012) A Review of Progress in Soundscapes and an Approach to Soundscape Planning. International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration, 17, 73-81.
[27] Fidell, S. (2003) The Schultz Curve 25 Years Later: A Research Perspective. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 114, 3007-3015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.1628246
[28] Zwicker, E. and Fastl, H. (1999) Psychoacoustics: Facts and Models. 3rd Edition, Springer, Heidelberg.
[29] Huber, M., Knottnerus, J.A., Green, L., Van der Horst, H., Jadad, A.R. and Kromhout, D. (2011) How should We Define Health? British Journal of Medicine, 343, Article ID: d4163, http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d4163
[30] Salomon, J.A., Mathers, C.D., Chatterji, S., Sadana, R., Ustun, T.B. and Murray, C.J.L. (2003) Quantifying Individual Levels of Health: Definitions, Concepts, and Measurement Issues. In: Murray, C.J.L. and Evans, D.B., Eds., Health Systems Performance Assessment: Debates, Methods and Empiricism, World Health Organization, Geneva, 900.
[31] Skevington, S.M., Lotfy, M. and O’Connell, K.A. (2004) The World Health Organization’s WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Assessment: Psychometric Properties and Results of the International Field Trial—A Report from the WHOQOL Group. Quality of Life Research, 13, 299-310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:QURE.0000018486.91360.00
[32] Black, D.A., Black, J.A., Issarayangyun, T. and Samuels, S.E. (2007) Aircraft Noise Exposure and Resident’s Stress and Hypertension: A Public Health Perspective for Airport Environmental Management. Journal of Air Transport Management, 13, 264-276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2007.04.003
[33] Shepherd, D., Welch, D., Dirks, K.N. and McBride, D. (2013) Do Quiet Areas Afford Greater Health-Related Quality of Life than Noisy Areas? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 10, 1284-1303.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10041284
[34] Ministry of Health (2006) New Zealand Deprivation Scores.
http://www.moh.govt.nz/moh.nsf/indexmh/dhb-maps-and-background-information-atlas-of-socioeconomic-deprivation-innz-nzdep2006
[35] Welch, D., Shepherd, D., Dirks, K.N., McBride, D. and Marsh, S. (2013) Road Traffic Noise and Health-Related Quality of Life: A Cross Sectional Study. Noise and Health, 15, 224-230. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1463-1741.113513
[36] Tarnopolsky, A., Barker, S.M., Wiggins, R.D. and McLean, E.K. (1978) The Effect of Aircraft Noise on the Mental Health of a Community Sample: A Pilot Study. Psychological Medicine, 8, 219-233.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291700014276
[37] Stansfeld, S., Gallacher, J., Babisch, W. and Shipley, M. (1996) Road Traffic Noise and Psychiatric Disorder: Prospective Findings from the Caerphilly Study. British Medical Journal, 313, 266-267.
[38] McBride, D., Shepherd, D., Welch, D. and Dirks, K.N. (2013) A Longitudinal Study of the Impact of Wind Turbine Proximity on Health Related Quality of Life. Proceedings of the 42nd International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering, Innsbruck, 15-18 September 2013.
[39] Amann, E., Lercher, P., Weichbold, V. and Eisenmann, A. (2007) The Effects of Measuring Noise Sensitivity with a Single or Several Rating Scale on the Population Prevalence and Distribution of This Personality Trait. Proceedings of the 36nd International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering, Istanbul.

Norsk tidsskrift for arbeids og miljømedisin, 2011 :    https://www.legeforeningen.no/contentassets/f3a43088550d4fb7a77bdd2350f870cf/ramazzini-nr-22011-tema-stoy.pdf

Annet (hentet fra AI):

Helseeffekter av lavfrekvent lyd (<50hz) og infralyd (<20hz)

  1. Vibroacoustic disease: Prolonged exposure to infrasound and low-frequency noise has been associated with a condition called vibroacoustic disease (VAD). VAD is characterized by a range of symptoms, including fatigue, sleep disturbances, headache, dizziness, cardiovascular disorders, and changes in immune function.
  2. Sleep disturbances: Several studies have investigated the effects of low-frequency sound and infrasound on sleep patterns. Some findings suggest that exposure to infrasound can disrupt sleep, leading to decreased sleep quality and increased awakening during the night. Sleep disturbances can contribute to various health issues, including fatigue, cognitive impairment, and mood disorders.
  3. Annoyance and psychological effects: Low-frequency sound and infrasound can cause annoyance and discomfort in individuals exposed to these frequencies. Prolonged annoyance can lead to chronic stress, which may have implications for mental health and well-being. Studies have reported symptoms such as irritability, difficulty concentrating, and increased anxiety levels among individuals exposed to low-frequency noise.
  4. Physiological responses: Research has indicated that exposure to low-frequency sound and infrasound can trigger physiological responses in the body. These include changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and cortisol levels (a stress hormone). The clinical significance and long-term health consequences of these physiological responses are still being investigated.
  5. Cardiovascular effects: Research has suggested a possible link between exposure to low-frequency sound and infrasound and cardiovascular health effects. These include changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and the potential for increased risk of cardiovascular diseases.
  6. Auditory effects: Infrasound can be perceived as a sensation rather than sound, causing physiological effects such as pressure sensations in the ears, dizziness, and tinnitus (ringing in the ears).
  7. Nervous system effects: There is some evidence suggesting that exposure to low-frequency sound and infrasound may affect the central nervous system, leading to changes in brain activity, cognitive function, and sensory perception.
  8. Hormonal responses: Studies have shown that exposure to low-frequency sound and infrasound can trigger physiological responses, such as changes in cortisol levels (a stress hormone), which may have implications for overall health and well-being.

Noen studier/referanser:

  1. Berglund, B., & Hassmén, P. H. (1996). Sources and effects of low-frequency noise. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 99(5), 2985-3002.
  2. Leventhall, G. (2004). Low frequency noise and annoyance. Noise and Health, 6(23), 59-72.
  3. Bak, M., Sliwinska-Kowalska, M., & Sobiechowska, M. (2016). Exposure to low-frequency noise and vibroacoustic disease: A systematic review of laboratory studies. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 29(4), 595-608.
  4. Møller, H., & Pedersen, C. S. (2004). Hearing at low and infrasonic frequencies. Noise and Health, 6(23), 37-57.
  5. Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, M., Dudarewicz, A., Waszkowska, M., Szymczak, W., & Sliwińska-Kowalska, M. (2014). The impact of low-frequency noise on human mental health. Environmental Research, 134, 455-462.
  6. van Kamp, I., Job, R. F. S., Hatfield, J., Haines, M., & Stellato, R. K. (2004). Noise sensitivity: Symptoms, health status, illness behavior and co-occurring environmental sensitivities. Environmental Research, 95(3), 309-317.
  7. Kroesen, M., Molin, E. J., van den Berg, F., & Vos, H. (2015). Vibroacoustic disease: Biological effects of infrasound and low-frequency noise explained by mechanotransduction cellular signaling. Noise and Health, 17(75), 11-24.
  8. Smith, M. G., Croy, I., Ovesen, T., & Persson Waye, K. (2017). Human response to wind turbine noise: Perception, annoyance and moderating factors. Science of the Total Environment, 58(1-2), 378-386.
    1. Leventhall, G. (2019). Low frequency noise and annoyance: Recent findings. Noise and Health, 21(98), 105-111. This review article provides an overview of recent findings on the effects of low-frequency noise on annoyance and discusses the need for further research in this area.
    1. Miyakita, T., & Murooka, Y. (2020). Effect of low-frequency sound on the human vestibular system. Auris Nasus Larynx, 47(1), 25-32. This study investigated the effects of low-frequency sound on the human vestibular system, which plays a role in balance and spatial orientation.
    2. Persson Waye, K., Ögren, M., & Björkman, M. (2018). Health effects of low-frequency noise and vibrations: A review for evidence-based policy making. Noise and Health, 20(95), 1-8. This review article summarizes the evidence on health effects related to low-frequency noise and vibrations, focusing on the impacts on sleep, annoyance, and cardiovascular health.
    3. Reuter, S., & Bolay, H. V. (2018). The adverse effects of low-frequency noise on heart rate variability and cortisol. Noise and Health, 20(94), 194-204. This study examined the effects of low-frequency noise on heart rate variability and cortisol levels, suggesting potential impacts on the autonomic nervous system and stress response.
    4. Zhao, L., Zhang, T., Zhang, X., Wang, B., & Yan, X. (2021). Sleep disturbance associated with low-frequency noise exposure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 58, 101453. This systematic review and meta-analysis analyzed the relationship between low-frequency noise exposure and sleep disturbance, highlighting the adverse effects on sleep quality.

[1]

Job, R.F.S. (1988) Community Response to Noise: A Review of Factors Influencing the Relationship between Noise Exposure and Reaction. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 83, 991-1001.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.396524

[2]

Stansfeld, S.A., Clark, C.R, Jenkins, L.M. and Tarnopolsky, A. (1985) Sensitivity to Noise in a Community Sample: I. The Measurement of Psychiatric Disorder and Personality. Psychological Medicine, 15, 243-254.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291700023527

[3]

Basner, M., Babisch, W., Davis, A., Brink, M., Clark, C., Janssen, S. and Stansfeld, S. (2013) Auditory and Non-Auditory Effects of Noise on Health. Lancet. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61613-X

[4]

Berglund, B., Lindvall, T. and Schwela, D.H. (1999) World Health Organisation Guidelines for Community Noise. WHO, Geneva.

[5]

World Health Organisation (2009) Night Noise Guidelines for Europe. World Health Organisation, Copenhagen.

[6]

World Health Organization (2011) Burden of Disease from Environmental Noise. World Health Organization, Bonn, Geneva.

[7]

European Union (2000) Unsafe Levels of Noise in Europe. https://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/reports/6905723

[8]

Berglund, B., Hassmen, P. and Job, R.F.S. (1996) Sources and Effects of Low-Frequency Noise. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 99, 2985-3002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414863

[9]

Sheppard, K.P. and Hubbard, H.H. (1990) Physical Characteristics and Perception of Low Frequency Noise from Wind Turbines. Noise Control Engineering, 36, 5-15.

[10]

Fidel, S., Tabachnick, B., Mestre, V. and Fidel, L. (2013) Aircraft Noise-Induced Awakenings Are More Reasonably Predicted from Relative than from Absolute Sound Exposure Levels. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 134, 3645-3653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4823838

[11]

Møller, H. and Pedersen, C.S. (2011) Low-Frequency Noise from Large Wind Turbines. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 129, 3727-3744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3543957

[12]

Lambert, J., Champelovier, P. and Vernet I. (1998) Assessing the Railway Bonus: The Need to Examine the “New Infrastructure” Effect. Proceedings of the Inter-Noise 98—The International Congress on Noise Control Engineering: Sound and Silence: Setting the Balance, Christchurch, 4-8.

[13]

Miedema, H.M.E. and Oudshoorn, C.G.M. (2001) Annoyance from Transportation Noise: Relationships with Exposure Metrics DNL and DENL and Their Confidence Intervals. Environmental Health Perspectives, 109, 409-416.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.01109409

[14]

Bakker, R.H., Pedersen, E., van den Berg, G.P., Stewart, R.E., Lok, W. and Bouma, J. (2012) Impact of Wind Turbine Sound on Annoyance, Self-Reported Sleep Disturbance and Psychological Distress. Science of the Total Environment, 425, 42-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.03.005

[15]

Pedersen, E. and Persson Waye, K. (2004) Perception and Annoyance Due to Wind Turbine Noise: A Dose-Response Relationship. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 116, 3460-3470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.1815091

[16]

Correia, A.W., Peters, J.L., Levy, J.I., Melly, S. and Dominici, F. (2013) Residential Exposure to Aircraft Noise and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Diseases: Multi-Airport Retrospective Study. British Medical Journal, 347, Article ID: f5561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f5561

[17]

Hansell, A.L. (2013) Aircraft Noise and Cardiovascular Disease Near Heathrow Airport in London: Small Area Study. British Medical Journal, 347, Article ID: f5432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f5432

[18]

Shepherd, D., Welch, D., Dirks, K.N. and Mathews, R. (2010) Exploring the Relationship between Noise Sensitivity, Annoyance and Health-Related Quality of Life in a Sample of Adults Exposed to Environmental Noise. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 7, 3579-3594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7103580

[19]

Van den Berg, G.P., Pedersen, E., Bouma, J. and Bakker, R. (2008) Project WINDFARMperception Visual and Acoustic Impact of Wind Turbine Farms on Residents. FP6-2005-Science-and-Society-20, Specific Support Action Project No. 044628, Final Report, University of Groningen, Groningen.

[20]

Dratva, J., Zemp, E., Dietrich, D.F., Bridevaux, P.O., Rochat, T., Schindler, C. and Gerbase, M.W. (2010) Impact of Road Traffic Noise Annoyance on Health-Related Quality of Life: Results from a Population-Based Study. Quality of Life Research, 19, 37-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11136-009-9571-2

[21]

Shepherd, D., McBride, D., Welch, D., Dirks, K.N. and Hill, E. (2011) Evaluating the Impact of Wind Turbine Noise on Health-Related Quality of Life. Noise and Health, 13, 333-339. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1463-1741.85502

[22]

Nissenbaum, M.A., Aramini1, J.J. and Hanning, C.D. (2012) Effects of Industrial Wind Turbine Noise on Sleep and Health. Noise and Health, 14, 237-243. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1463-1741.102961

[23]

Lercher, P. (1996) Environmental Noise and Health: An Integrated Research Perspective. Environment International, 22, 117-129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-4120(95)00109-3

[24]

Lercher, P. (2003) Which Health Outcomes Should Be Measured in Health Related Environmental Quality of Life Studies? Landscape and Urban Planning, 65, 63-67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00238-4

[25]

Shepherd, D. (2013) Sound Mind in a Sound Body: Health in the Noise Context. Proceedings of the 42nd International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering, Innsbruck, 15-18 September 2013,

[26]

Brown, A.L. (2012) A Review of Progress in Soundscapes and an Approach to Soundscape Planning. International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration, 17, 73-81.

[27]

Fidell, S. (2003) The Schultz Curve 25 Years Later: A Research Perspective. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 114, 3007-3015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.1628246

[28]

Zwicker, E. and Fastl, H. (1999) Psychoacoustics: Facts and Models. 3rd Edition, Springer, Heidelberg.

[29]

Huber, M., Knottnerus, J.A., Green, L., Van der Horst, H., Jadad, A.R. and Kromhout, D. (2011) How should We Define Health? British Journal of Medicine, 343, Article ID: d4163, http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d4163

[30]

Salomon, J.A., Mathers, C.D., Chatterji, S., Sadana, R., Ustun, T.B. and Murray, C.J.L. (2003) Quantifying Individual Levels of Health: Definitions, Concepts, and Measurement Issues. In: Murray, C.J.L. and Evans, D.B., Eds., Health Systems Performance Assessment: Debates, Methods and Empiricism, World Health Organization, Geneva, 900.

[31]

Skevington, S.M., Lotfy, M. and O’Connell, K.A. (2004) The World Health Organization’s WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Assessment: Psychometric Properties and Results of the International Field Trial—A Report from the WHOQOL Group. Quality of Life Research, 13, 299-310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:QURE.0000018486.91360.00

[32]

Black, D.A., Black, J.A., Issarayangyun, T. and Samuels, S.E. (2007) Aircraft Noise Exposure and Resident’s Stress and Hypertension: A Public Health Perspective for Airport Environmental Management. Journal of Air Transport Management, 13, 264-276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2007.04.003

[33]

Shepherd, D., Welch, D., Dirks, K.N. and McBride, D. (2013) Do Quiet Areas Afford Greater Health-Related Quality of Life than Noisy Areas? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 10, 1284-1303.

http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10041284

[34]

Ministry of Health (2006) New Zealand Deprivation Scores.

http://www.moh.govt.nz/moh.nsf/indexmh/dhb-maps-and-background-information-atlas-of-socioeconomic-deprivation-innz-nzdep2006

[35]

Welch, D., Shepherd, D., Dirks, K.N., McBride, D. and Marsh, S. (2013) Road Traffic Noise and Health-Related Quality of Life: A Cross Sectional Study. Noise and Health, 15, 224-230. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1463-1741.113513

[36]

Tarnopolsky, A., Barker, S.M., Wiggins, R.D. and McLean, E.K. (1978) The Effect of Aircraft Noise on the Mental Health of a Community Sample: A Pilot Study. Psychological Medicine, 8, 219-233.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291700014276

[37]

Stansfeld, S., Gallacher, J., Babisch, W. and Shipley, M. (1996) Road Traffic Noise and Psychiatric Disorder: Prospective Findings from the Caerphilly Study. British Medical Journal, 313, 266-267.

[38]

McBride, D., Shepherd, D., Welch, D. and Dirks, K.N. (2013) A Longitudinal Study of the Impact of Wind Turbine Proximity on Health Related Quality of Life. Proceedings of the 42nd International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering, Innsbruck, 15-18 September 2013.

[39]

Amann, E., Lercher, P., Weichbold, V. and Eisenmann, A. (2007) The Effects of Measuring Noise Sensitivity with a Single or Several Rating Scale on the Population Prevalence and Distribution of This Personality Trait. Proceedings of the 36nd International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering, Istanbul.

Andre Kilder:

https://www.stoyforeningen.no/Fakta/Lavfrekvent-lyd-og-infralyd

https://ffi-publikasjoner.archive.knowledgearc.net/bitstream/handle/20.500.12242/1502/03-01532.pdf (akustiske våpen)

https://olehartattordet.blogg.no/infralyd-mennesker-kan-do-av-vindkraft-stoy.html